Japanese Prime Minister Sanae Takaichi has called for the United Nations to remove the so-called “enemy state” clauses from its charter, using her first address to the UN General Assembly to press for changes to an outdated postwar framework.
Speaking in New York, Takaichi argued that the clauses referring to countries defeated in World War II should be deleted, noting that a 2005 UN General Assembly resolution had already expressed member states’ intention to remove the references. Japan joined the United Nations 70 years ago this year.
The provisions have become particularly sensitive in Japan’s relations with China. Beijing has cited the clauses in arguments concerning Japan’s security policies and its plans to strengthen defence capabilities, while Tokyo maintains that the provisions are obsolete and no longer reflect the current international order.
Takaichi also called for comprehensive reform of the UN Security Council, saying its current structure reflects the international situation of 1945 rather than today’s geopolitical realities. She advocated expanding both permanent and non-permanent membership to make the body more representative.
Her speech came shortly after she met US President Donald Trump on the sidelines of the UN General Assembly. The two leaders discussed China-related economic and security issues and agreed to coordinate closely ahead of Trump’s planned meeting with Chinese President Xi Jinping.
Japan’s relationship with China remains a major regional issue, particularly over Taiwan, economic security and maritime activity. Takaichi has sought to strengthen coordination with Washington while maintaining Japan’s stated commitment to a free and open Indo-Pacific.
Beyond China, Takaichi used the speech to reaffirm Japan’s support for multilateralism, nuclear nonproliferation and the rule of law. She also voiced continued Japanese support for international judicial institutions, including the International Criminal Court, while calling for stronger UN mechanisms to address conflicts and global challenges.
Takaichi’s first UN address therefore placed Japan’s postwar position, its relationship with China and the future structure of the United Nations at the centre of her international agenda, as Tokyo seeks a larger role in shaping the regional and global order.
